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<td nowrap="true" class="pageTitle">工作产品：设计子系统</td><td width="100%">
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<td valign="top">该工作产品描述封装行为、显露一组接口并且封装其他模型元素的那部分系统。</td>
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<div class="sectionHeading">用途</div>
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<td class="sectionTableSingleCell"><a id="XE_design_subsystem__as_artifact" name="XE_design_subsystem__as_artifact"></a><a id="Top" name="Top"></a><a id="XE_design_subsystem__purpose_of" name="XE_design_subsystem__purpose_of"></a><a id="Purpose" name="Purpose"></a> 
<p>
    设计子系统封装行为、提供显式而正式的接口，并且（按约定）不显露其内部内容。这样提供了完全封装大量类和／或子系统交互的能力。
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<div class="sectionHeading">关系</div>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">角色</th><td width="30%" class="sectionTableCell"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">负责人:
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<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/rup_designer_FCD65796.html" guid="_CQ1sARi2Edq_uI8xTPML6g">设计人员</a>
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</td><td colspan="2" class="sectionTableCell"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">修改者:
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">输入至</th><td width="30%" class="sectionTableCell"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">必需:
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<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/capabilitypatterns/subsystem_design_D46CB04A.html" guid="_nM9FIUocEdqrjq4i3fchvA">子系统设计</a>
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</td><td width="30%" class="sectionTableCell"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">可选:
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<li>无</li>
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</td><td class="sectionTableCell"><span class="sectionTableCellHeading">外部:
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<li>无</li>
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<div class="sectionHeading">主要描述</div>
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    设计子系统是封装行为、显露一组接口并封装其他模型元素的那部分系统。从外部来看，子系统是一个单一设计模型元素，与其他模型元素协作以完成其职责。可以从外部看到的接口及其行为称为子系统规范。从内部来看，子系统是模型元素（设计类和其他子系统）的集合，这些元素实施子系统规范的接口和行为。这称为子系统实现。
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<p>
    设计子系统的“封装”能力与<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/workproducts/rup_design_package_8376BC8E.html" guid="{80CC5437-F481-487B-A69B-957D9D236D8D}">工作产品：设计包</a>的“封装”能力相对照，后者不实现接口。 包主要用于配置管理和模型组织，而子系统提供附加行为语义。
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<div class="sectionHeading">属性</div>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading" id="property_可选" abbr="可选">可选</th><td align="left" class="sectionTableCell" headers="property_可选"><img title="" alt="" height="15" width="20" src="./../../images/indent.gif"></td>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading" id="property_已计划" abbr="已计划">已计划</th><td align="left" class="sectionTableCell" headers="property_已计划"><img title="Yes" alt="Yes" height="15" width="20" src="./../../images/true.gif"></td>
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<div class="sectionHeading">定制</div>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">说明选项</th><td class="sectionTableCell">UML 表示方法：将设计子系统建模为 UML 2.0 组件。UML 还为名为 &lt;&lt;subsystem&gt;&gt; 的组件定义了构造型，例如，指示可用来表示大规模结构。关于表示方法，请参阅<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/guidelines/design_subsystem_B26FD609.html" guid="1.2314266786534317E-305">指南：设计子系统</a>。&nbsp; 
<p>
    <a id="Tailoring" name="Tailoring"></a>
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<p>
    设计子系统是将大型系统分解成可以理解的部分的重要方法。在基于组件的开发中，如果要指定希望独立开发、重用或替换的组件（请参阅<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/concepts/component_A2E2B3B1.html" guid="3.524150980437479E-305">概念：组件</a>），设计子系统特别有用。
</p>
<p>
    与设计子系统有关的重要定制决策是：
</p>
<ul>
    <li>
        是否以及何时将规范与实现分离（请参阅<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/guidelines/design_subsystem_B26FD609.html" guid="1.2314266786534317E-305">指南：设计子系统</a>）
    </li>
    <li>
        是否对本地端口子系统建模（请参阅<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/tasks/subsystem_design_5D1BCC0C.html" guid="{CAA385CA-2BA2-40F2-8FE3-E21089D02119}">任务：子系统设计</a>）
    </li>
</ul>
<p>
    应在<img alt="" src="./../../images/no_rup.gif">&#160;<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../pages_not_installed/pages_not_installed.html" guid="{E5501201-7EE6-4243-AE91-73880FF76FC1}">工作产品：特定于项目的指南</a>中捕获该定制决策。
</p>
<h3>
    <a id="UML_1x_Representation" name="UML_1x_Representation">UML 1.x 表示</a>
</h3>
<p>
    将设计子系统建模成 UML 2.0 组件还是 UML 1.5 子系统是一项重要的定制决策（请参阅<a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/guidelines/design_subsystem_B26FD609.html" guid="1.2314266786534317E-305">指南：设计子系统</a>）。
</p>
<p>
    关于更多信息，请参阅 <a class="elementLinkWithUserText" href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/supportingmaterials/differences_between_uml_1_x_and_uml_2_0_CA70F2E6.html" guid="4.792914878943572E-306">UML 1.x 和 UML 2.0 之间的区别</a>。
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<div class="sectionHeading">更多信息</div>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">核对表</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
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<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/checklists/design_subsystem_65DED9C0.html" guid="2.4204020119591446E-307">设计子系统</a>
</li>
</ul>
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<th scope="row" class="sectionTableHeading">指南</th><td class="sectionTableCell">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="./../../core.base_rup/guidances/guidelines/design_subsystem_B26FD609.html" guid="1.2314266786534317E-305">设计子系统</a>
</li>
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